Implikasi Hikmat Menurut Paulus Dalam Menentang Pengaruh Ajaran Kaum Sofis Di Korintus

Anggi Maringan Hasiholan; Andreas Budi

doi:10.38091/man_raf.v8i1.194

Anggi Maringan Hasiholan Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Bethel Indonesia
Andreas Budi Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Bethel Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.38091/man_raf.v8i1.194

Keywords: Wisdom, Sophists, Corinth, Gospel

Abstract

Paul, Apostle relates the Good News to the wisdom of God that is understood by humans who give themselves to believe in Jesus. However, the presence of the powerful Sophists with the teaching of worldly wisdom and relying on the power of the word of wisdom (sophia logou), has obscured the true meaning of God's wisdom. This study aims to explore the influence of the Sophists in the life of the Corinthian church which caused Paul to explain the true meaning of wisdom. Knowing the background of the wisdom problem in Corinth will give you a complete picture of the wisdom of God that Paul preached. This study applies historical research methods to find out the origin and influence of the Sophists' teachings. The results show that the sophia logou owned by the Sophists has obscured the meaning of the cross of Christ which is the wisdom of God. The wisdom that Paul means in the letter to the Corinthians is the openness of one's mind to believe in the sacrifice of Jesus on the cross which has implications for congregational unity and survival in the face of problems or struggles.

Abstract View: 1047,

pdf Download: 979

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ahlskog, Jonas. “The idea of a philosophy of history.” Rethinking History 22, no. 1 (2018): 86–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/13642529.2017.1422305.

Angeline, Mia. “Mitos dan Budaya.” Humaniora 6, no. 2 (2015): 190. https://doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v6i2.3325.

Arifin, Suriani Sukowati. “Hikmat Menurut Kitab Yakobus [Wisdom in the Book of James].” Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education 1, no. 1 (30 September 2019): 15–24. https://doi.org/10.19166/dil.v1i1.1888.

Barclay, William. Growing in Christian Faith. Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster John Knox Press, 2011.

Baxter, J. Sidlow. Menggali Isi Alkitab Jilid 1-4: Matius, Roma-Wahyu. Jakarta: Yayasan Komunikasi Bina Kasih, 2012.

Bertens, K. Sejarah Filsafat Yunani. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2018.

Carson, Donald A. The Cross and Christian Ministry: An Exposition of Passages from 1 Corinthians. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 2018.

Charles, Ludwig. Kota-Kota pada Zaman Perjanjian Baru. Bandung: Yayasan Kalam Hidup, 1976.

Cicero. De Natura Deorum (On the Nature of the Gods). Disunting oleh Francis Brooks. USA: Methuen & Company, 1896.

Constable, Thomas L. Notes on 1 Corinthians. Sonic Light, 2013.

David Melling. Jejak Langkah Pemikiran Plato. 2 ed. Yogyakarta: Yayasan Bentang Budaya, 2019.

Douglas, J.D. Ensiklopedi Alkitab Masa Kini Jilid 1. Jakarta: Yayasan Komunikasi Bina Kasih, 2000.

Drane, John. Memahami Perjanjian Baru. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2016.

Fitzmyer, Joseph A, ed. First Corinthians: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary. New Haven: London: Yale University Press, 2008.

Furnish, Victor Paul. Theology in 1 Corinthians." In Pauline Theology. Vol. II: 1 & 2 Corinthians. Disunting oleh David M Hay. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993.

Gare, Arran. “Natural Philosophy and the Sciences: Challenging Science’s Tunnel Vision.” Philosophies 3, no. 4 (2018): 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies3040033.

Groenen, C. Pengantar ke dalam Perjanjian Baru. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2006.

Hakh, Samuel Benyamin. Perjanjian Baru: Sejarah, Pengantar, dan Pokok-Pokok Teologisnya. Bandung: Bina Media Informasi, 2010.

Harper, Kyle. “Porneia: The making of a Christian sexual norm.” Journal of Biblical Literature 131, no. 2 (2012): 363–83. https://doi.org/10.2307/23488230.

Hasiholan, Anggi Maringan, dan Andreas Budi Setyobekti. “Ekstraksi Pemahaman Cyprianus tentang Extra Ecclesiam Nulla Salus bagi Gereja Pentakosta di Era Postmodern.” KHARISMATA: Jurnal Teologi Pantekosta 4, no. 1 (2021): 28–42. https://doi.org/10.47167/kharis.v4i1.75.

Hidayat, Ainur Rahman. Filsafat Berpikir Teknik-teknik Berpikir Logis Kontra Kesesatan Berpikir. Jakarta: Duta Media Publishing, 2018.

Hodge, Charles. An Exposition of 1 Corinthians. 5 ed. USA: Sage Publication, 2010.

Komara, Endang. Filsafat Ilmu dan Metodologi Penelitian. Bandung: Refika Aditama, 2011.

Lathrop, John Paul. “Conflict In The Church: The Uncomfortable Reality.” Jurnal Jaffray 13, no. 2 (2015): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.25278/jj71.v13i2.177.

Lincoln, A.T. “Paul the Visionary: The Setting and Significance of the Rapture to Paradise in II Corinthians XII. 1–10.” Dalam New Testament Studies. England: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

Live, Sabda. “Benarkah Kita Sedang Mengkhotbahkan Alkitab?” Sabda Live, 2020. https://live.sabda.org/article.php?title=kita_sedang_mengkhotbahkan_alkitab#gsc.tab=0.

Lowery, David K. “Teologi dari Surat-surat Misi Paulus.” Dalam A Biblical Thelogy of The New Testament, disunting oleh Roy B Zuck. Malang: Gandum Mas, 2011.

Lubis, Nur A Fadhil. Pengantar Filsafat Umum. Jakarta: Perdana Mulya Sarana Publishing, 2015.

Mahfud, Mahfud, dan Patsun Patsun. “Mengenal Filsafat Antara Metode Praktik Dan Pemikiran Socrates, Plato Dan Aristoteles.” CENDEKIA : Jurnal Studi Keislaman 5, no. 1 (2019): 119–40. https://doi.org/10.37348/cendekia.v5i1.76.

McRay, John R. “Corinth.” Dalam Dictionary of New Testament Background, disunting oleh Craig A. Evans dan Stanley E. Porter. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2000.

Mihailǎ, Corin. “The Gnostic and Hellenistic Backgrounds of Sophia in 1 Corinthians 1-4.” Perichoresis 17, no. 2 (2019): 3–14. https://doi.org/10.2478/perc-2019-00.

Mitchell, Margaret M. Paul and the Rhetoric of Reconciliation: An Exegetical Investigation of the Language and Composition of 1 Corinthians. Louisville: Westminster/John Knox, 1993.

Nawawi, Nurnaningsih. Tokoh Filsuf & Era Keemasan Filsafat. Makassar: Pusaka Almaida Makassar, 2017.

Poletti, Beatrice. “Le libérateur de la Grèce. Titus Flamininus et l’héritage hellénistique by Pierre-Luc Brisson.” Mouseion: Journal of the Classical Association of Canada 16, no. 2 (2019): 373–77. https://muse.jhu.edu/article/732547.

Rahman, Fatchor. “Menimbang Sejarah Sebagai Landasan Kajian Ilmiah; Sebuah Wacana Pemikiran Dalam Metode Ilmiah.” EL-BANAT: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Pendidikan Islam 7, no. 1 (2017): 128–50. https://doi.org/10.54180/elbanat.2017.7.1.128-150.

Robertson, Archibald, dan Alfred Plummer. A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on First Epistle of St. Paul to the Corinthians Vol 33. Edinburgh & T Clark: Nabu Press, 2011.

Sanjaya, V Indra. “Pergulatan Hikmat dalam Kitab Pengkhotbah.” Jurnal Orientasi Baru 19, no. 2 (2010): 109–23. https://e-journal.usd.ac.id/index.php/job/article/view/1375/1117.

Schmandt, Henry J. Filsafat Politik: Kajian Historis dari Zaman Yunani Kuno sampai Zaman Modern. IV. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2015.

Septianingrum, Anisa. “Invasi Yunani Ke Persia Sebagai Bukti Kebangkitan Kebudayaan Hellenis.” Diakronika 18, no. 1 (2018): 1–21. https://doi.org/10.24036/diakronika/vol18-iss1/58.

Siahaan, Harls Evan Rianto. “Hikmat Sebagai Implikasi Pendidikan Kristiani: Refleksi 1 Raja-raja 3:1-15.” DUNAMIS: Jurnal Penelitian Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristiani 1, no. 1 (1 Oktober 2016): 15–30. https://doi.org/10.30648/dun.v1i1.99.

Snyman, Andries H‘. “1 Corinthians 1: 18-31 from a rhetorical perspective.” Acta Theologica 29, no. 1 (2009): 130–44. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC111405.

Solihin, Benny. 7 Langkah menyusun Kotbah yang Mengubah Kehidupan. Malang: Literatur SAAT, 2014.

Sondarika, Wulan. “Peradaban Yunani Kuno.” Jurnal Artefak 3, no. 2 (2019): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/ja.v3i2.338.

Suharyo, I. Membaca Kitab Suci: Mengenal Tulisan Perjanjian Baru. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2019.

Sulaiman, Setiadi. “Pendekatan konsep dalam pembelajaran sejarah.” Jurnal Sejarah Lontar 9, no. 1 (2012): 9–21. https://doi.org/10.21009/LONTAR.091.2.

Susanto, Sandy Hardian. Pijar Filsafat Yunani Klasik. Bandung: Perkumpulan Studi Ilmu Kemasyarakatan ITB, 2016.

Tjahyadi, Simon Petrus L. Petualangan Intelektual: Konfrontasi Dengan Para Filsuf Dari Zaman Yunani Hingga Zaman Modern. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2015.

Tjandra, Lukas. Latar Belakang Sejarah Perjanjian Baru. Malang: Literatur SAAT, 2016.

Utley, Bob. Surat-surat Paulus kepada Sebuah Gereja yang Bermasalah: I dan II Korintus. Marshall, Texas: Bible Lesson International, 2011.

Wardah, Eva Syarifah. “Metode Penelitian Sejarah.” Jurnal Tsaqofah 12, no. 02 (2014): 163–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32678/tsaqofah.v12i2.3512.

Wasino, dan Endah Sri Hartatik. Metode Penelitian Sejarah: Dari Riset Hingga Penulisan. Yogyakarta: Magnum, Pustaka Utama, 2018.

Waters, Larry J. “Paradoxes in the Pauline epistles.” Bibliotheca sacra 167, no. 668 (2010): 423–41. https://ixtheo.de/Record/166752983.

Wijaya, E Chrisna, dan Widhi Laksana. “Tinjauan Teologis Dan Fenomenologis Praktik Makan Makanan Yang Dipersembahkan Berhala Dalam Hidup Orang Percaya Di Indonesia.” LOGIA: Jurnal Teologi Pentakosta 2, no. 2 (2021): 89–102. https://doi.org/10.37731/log.v2i2.51.